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Vol. 37 Núm. 1 (2022): 109, enero-abril
Artículos de investigación

Salarios y riesgos laborales de los inmigrantes mexicanos en Estados Unidos

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David Rocha Romero
image/svg+xml Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
Biografía
Ramón Medina Sánchez
image/svg+xml El Colegio de la Frontera Norte
Biografía
Pedro Paulo Orraca Romano
image/svg+xml El Colegio de la Frontera Norte
Biografía
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24201/edu.v37i1.2029

Publicado 2022-03-03

Palabras clave

  • accidentes laborales,
  • salarios,
  • migración indocumentada,
  • regresión cuantílica,
  • México,
  • Estados Unidos.
    • ...Más
    Menos

Cómo citar

Rocha Romero , D., Medina Sánchez , R., & Orraca Romano , P. P. (2022). Salarios y riesgos laborales de los inmigrantes mexicanos en Estados Unidos. Estudios Demográficos Y Urbanos, 37(1), 9–44. https://doi.org/10.24201/edu.v37i1.2029
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

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Resumen

La realidad de los inmigrantes mexicanos en Estados Unidos muestra que, en los últimos años, se ha presentado una notable prevalencia a sufrir accidentes o padecer enfermedades estrechamente ligadas a su actividad laboral. Su estatus migratorio, el bajo capital humano y el desconocimiento del idioma inglés, son algunos de los elementos que orillan a los trabajadores a insertarse en actividades que ponen en riesgo su salud e integridad física. Con base en datos de la Encuesta sobre Migración en la Frontera Norte de México, se lleva a cabo un análisis descriptivo y se estiman regresiones cuantílicas para analizar la relación que existe entre el salario que perciben los trabajadores mexicanos en Estados Unidos y los accidentes o enfermedades en que incurren como resultado de su trabajo. Se observa que los mexicanos que laboran de manera legal en Estados Unidos perciben mayores salarios y sufren menos accidentes laborales que sus pares que trabajan de manera indocumentada. Además, los resultados sugieren que entre los trabajadores indocumentados existe una prima salarial por trabajar en ocupaciones riesgosas, particularmente en la parte superior de la distribución salarial.

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